Key takeaway
Start with the death certificate and a full inventory. Then decide the legal route — will and probate, or succession without a will — and work through accounts, property, debts and taxes in order. A trusted person in India with a specific power of attorney makes the process far easier.
First 30 days
- Obtain several copies of the death certificate.
- Locate the will, if any, and all original documents.
- Secure the house — locks, valuables and records.
- Inform banks, pension authorities and insurers.
- Stop or redirect recurring payments.
Make an inventory
- Immovable property — houses, flats, land
- Bank accounts, fixed deposits and lockers
- Shares, mutual funds, bonds and provident or pension funds
- Insurance policies
- Vehicles, jewellery and other valuables
- Debts and liabilities, including loans and unpaid bills
Choose the legal route
- With a will — the executor administers the estate; probate may be required or requested.
- Without a will — heirs take under personal succession law and use legal heir certificates, succession certificates or letters of administration.
- Nominees — banks and companies may pay nominees, who generally hold the money for the legal heirs.
Taxes
The deceased’s income up to the date of death must still be reported. A legal heir can register on the income tax portal as the legal representative to file the return. Later income from inherited assets is taxed in the hands of the heirs.
Property
- Mutate records in the heirs’ names after settling shares.
- Decide whether to keep, rent or sell — all co-owners must join a sale.
- Keep property tax and utilities paid and inspect regularly.
Distribution
Pay debts and expenses first, then distribute according to the will or succession law. Record distributions in writing and keep accounts — executors may be asked to account to beneficiaries.
Handling it from abroad
- A specific power of attorney for a trusted person in India.
- Affidavits and no-objections from heirs signed abroad and authenticated.
- Online banking and tax portals where available.
Frequently asked questions
Do all heirs need to come to India?
No, most documents can be signed abroad.
Can I close my parent’s bank accounts from abroad?
Usually, with the bank’s claim forms and supporting documents sent from abroad.
Who pays the estate’s debts?
Debts are paid out of the estate before distribution; heirs are generally not personally liable beyond what they inherit.
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References
- Indian Succession Act, 1925; Hindu Succession Act, 1956
- Income-tax Act, 2025 — legal representatives
Last reviewed: November 2026.
The information provided is for general educational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Applicable laws and procedures may vary depending on the facts, jurisdiction, and circumstances of each matter. Consult a qualified legal professional before taking action.
